Item |
Formula |
Description |
density |
r = m/V |
Ratio of an object's mass to its volume |
specific gravity |
SG = robject/rwater |
Ratio of the density of the substance to the density of pure water |
pressure |
P = F/A |
Ratio of the force acting perpendicular to a surface to the surface area (A) |
fluid pressure |
P = r g h |
Pressure as a function of depth (h) |
Archimedes' Principle |
FB = mfg = rfgVf |
Buoyant force acting on an object placed in a fluid is equal to weight of the displaced fluid |
equation of continuity |
rAv = constant |
Mass of fluid moving past any point is constant |
Bernoulli's equation |
P = (1/2)rv2 + rgh |
Equation for the pressure at any point in a moving fluid |
Pascal's Principle |
Fout/Fin = Aout/Ain |
Pressure applied to enclosed fluid results in pressure at every point increasing by that amount |
Symbols Used
Symbol |
Defined |
r |
Density |
P |
Pressure |
V |
Volume |
g |
Acceleration of gravity |
A |
Cross-sectional area |
h |
Height above some reference point |
m |
Mass |
v |
Velocity |