Exercise Solution
Part 1: Fill in the Blanks
n The text subdivides computer
languages into 3 general types. These are
·
______________________________________
Machine Language
·
______________________________________
Assembly Language
·
______________________________________
High-Level Languages
n
#include <iostream>
is called a
__________________________________________
n
The expression
using namespace std is used in all lab assignments.
std is a ___________________________
namespace
n
List the escape
sequence for each of the following
·
New line:
__________________________
\n
·
Horizontal tab:
______________________
\t
n
The following
symbol(s) indicate(s) that
everything from there to the end of the line is
o be ignored by the compiler ________________________________
//
n
The following
symbol(s) indicate(s) that
everything between them is to be ignored by
the compiler ______________________________________
/*
*/
n
The symbol for the
modulus operator is: _________________________
%
n
10/3 + 5 – 2 + 6%3
= _____________________________
6
n
C++ applies the
operators in arithmetic expressions in a precise sequence
determined by ______________________________
rules of operator precedence
n
A procedure for
solving a problem in terms of the actions to execute and the order in
which these actions execute is called a(an) ___________________________
algorithm
n The research of Bohm and Jacopini demonstrated that programs could be written without any goto statements. They also demonstrated that programs could be
written in terms of only three control structures. These are the following. Note: List the general types, do not give examples such as if…
·
____________________________________________
sequence
·
____________________________________________
selection
·
____________________________________________
iteration
n
A _______________________ structure chooses among alternative courses
of action.
Selection
n
Changing the data type of a variable for the current operation only
is known as
n
Writing c /= 7 is shorthand for writing _____________________
c = c/7
n
The operator for and (as
in a and b) is _________________
&&
n
The operator for or (as in a or b) is _________________
||
n The operator that is used to place the contents of the memory location designated by the variable b into the memory location designated by the variable a is
_________ =
n
The operator that is used to see if the contents of the memory
location designated by the variable b is the same as the contents of the
memory location designated by the
variable a is
_________
==
n
The operator that
has the highest precedence is ________________________
( )
Part 2: Analysis of Code
n
Write
the output of the following code on the line following the code
#include "stdafx.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
cout <<"This is an";
cout <<" "<<"illustration of";
cout <<" output in C++"<<endl;
return 0;
}
__________________________________________________________________
This is an illustration of output in C++
n
Write
the output of the following code on the line following the code
#include "stdafx.h"
#include<iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
int a = 10;
int b = 20;
if (a = b)
cout <<"This prints"<<endl;
if (b > a)
cout <<"This prints also"<<endl;
return 0;
}
_________________________________________________________________
This prints
NOTE: when you set a=b, they are then equal. So, with the
next if statement, b is clearly not > a, it is equal to a because of the
above assignment.
n
The following code will print A Green
Monkey ___________ times.
20
#include
<iostream.h>
int main
()
{
for (int
i = 2; i<6;i++)
for (int j = 2; j<7; j++)
{
if (j % 2 = = 0)
cout << endl;
cout << "A Green Monkey ";
}
return 0;
}
#include
"stdafx.h"
#include
<iostream>
using
namespace std;
int
main ()
{
for
(int i = 2; i<6;i++)
for (int j
= 2; j<7; j++)
{
if (j%2 == 0)
cout << endl;
cout << "A Green Monkey
";
}
return 0;
}
OUTPUT
Part 3: True – False
Indicate whether the following statements are true or false by placing a
check mark (√) in the appropriate column.
Statement |
True |
False |
|
||
All variables must be given a type when they are declared |
ü |
|
|||
All variables must be declared before they are used |
ü |
|
|||
Declarations can appear almost anywhere in the body of a C++
function |
ü |
|
|||
When applied to integers, the modulus operator will return the
quotient |
|
ü |
|||
Preprocessor directives end with a semicolon |
|
ü |
|||
C++ is case sensitive |
ü |
|
|||
When a new value is placed in a memory location, the old value is
destroyed |
ü |
|
|||
When a value is read from memory, the value originally in the
memory location read from is destroyed |
|
ü |
|||
C++ evaluates equal precedence arithmetic functions right to left |
|
ü |
|||
Parentheses can be used to force the order of evaluation |
ü |
|
Extra spaces and blank
lines are ignored in C++ |
ü |
|
cin << is used to read input from the keyboard |
|
ü |
Valid identifiers must
begin with a letter or underscore |
ü |
|
a++ is shorthand for a =
a + 1 |
ü |
|
In general, global
variables should be avoided. |
ü |
|
Assume a and b are
integers. The statement if (a =b) will always be true, regardless of
the values of a and b. |
ü |
|
A compiler converts a
high-level language to 0s and 1s |
ü |
|
Text between /*
and */ is ignored |
ü |
|
An integer variable
takes less space in memory than a variable declared as a double |
ü |
|
The variable age is
stored in the same location as the variable Age |
|
ü |
Part 4: Writing Code Segments
n
The task is find the sum of the even integers between 1 and 101 and
print the sum, appropriately
labeled. Write code to do this using the while structure
int sum = 0;
int
i = 1;
while
(i < 101)
{
if (i%2 == 0)
{
sum = sum + i;
}
i = i + 1;
}
cout <<"The
sum is: "<<sum<<endl;
n
Write code using nested for loops that will duplicate the following
NOTE: Only the part in green required by the problem
#include
"stdafx.h"
#include
<iostream>
using
namespace std;
int main ()
{
int
rows, cols;
for
(rows = 1; rows<10;rows++)
{
for (cols = 1; cols<rows+1; cols++)
{
cout
<<"9";
}
cout <<endl;
}
return 0;
}
n Given the following code
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
cout<<"Still Printing"<<endl
}
Duplicate the output using a do while structure
int counter = 1;
while (counter < 5)
{
cout<<"Still Printing"<<endl
counter = counter + 1;
}
Part 8: Extra Credit
n
ASCII stands for:_____________________________________________________
American
Standard Code for Information Interchange
n
There is a clock in the lab that runs backwards.
· There was a similar clock in
the office of this famous computer scientist.
· This person wrote the first
___________________________
compiler
n
Designer and original developer of the C++
language__________________________________